Improving Bladder Function in SCI by Neuromodulation

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Male 18-45 years;
2. At least 1 year post-injury;
3. Non-progressive SCI at C2-T8 (non-conus injury);
4. Motor Complete ASIA (A or B);
5. Neurogenic bladder requiring clean intermittent straight catheterization;
6. Able to attend twice weekly testing sessions for 6 months.
7. Have intact lower extremity anatomy and able to use lower extremity for assistive standing and stepping.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. History of autonomic dysreflexia;
2. Ventilator dependency;
3. Musculoskeletal dysfunction, unhealed fracture, pressure ulcer, active infection;
4. Clinically significant depression or ongoing drug abuse;
5. Received botox injection, or bladder surgery (suprapubic access, Brindley procedure, etc.); 6. Prostatic hypertrophy or bladder outlet disorder;

7\. Cardiopulmonary disease that precludes lower extremity training or rehabilitation.