Transcatheter Aortic Prosthesis Function: A Long-term Follow-up Study

Inclusion criteria for TAVR subjects

a) TAVR performed more than 3 years ago

Exclusion criteria

1. Subjects unable to consent to participate, unless the subject has a legally authorized representative
2. Subjects unwilling to participate
3. Subject has undergone re-intervention to prosthetic aortic valve since TAVR procedure (e.g. balloon valvuloplasty, SAVR, re-do TAVR, paravalvular leak closure)
4. Echocardiographic evidence of prosthetic valve dysfunction within first 3 years post-TAVR (mean aortic gradient ≥20mmHg AND/OR moderate-severe transvalvular aortic regurgitation)

Inclusion criteria for SAVR subjects

1. SAVR performed more than 3 years ago
2. Propensity matched to an enrolled TAVR subject

Exclusion criteria for SAVR subjects e) Subjects unable to consent to participate, unless the subject has a legally authorized representative f) Subjects unwilling to participate g) Subject has undergone re-intervention to prosthetic aortic valve since TAVR procedure (e.g. balloon valvuloplasty, SAVR, re-do TAVR, paravalvular leak closure) h) Echocardiographic evidence of prosthetic valve dysfunction within first 3 years post-SAVR (mean aortic gradient ≥20mmHg AND/OR moderate-severe transvalvular aortic regurgitation)