Development & Validation of Preoperative Objective Physiological Evaluation

Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 18 and older
* Able to speak English
* Ambulatory \[assistive devices ok\]
* Preoperative Anesthesia and Surgical Screening (PASS) clinic patient with DASI score \<34
* Able to provide informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Acute myocardial infarction (3-5 days)
* Unstable angina
* Severe untreated arterial hypertension at rest (\>200 mm Hg systolic, \>120 mm Hg diastolic)
* Resting heart rate \> 120 bpm
* Room air desaturation at rest on room air \<85%
* Inmate of correctional facility (i.e. prisoner)
* Diagnosed history of dementia
* Inability to ambulate independently
* Considered inappropriate to participate by Principal Investigator