Using Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Risk Stratification of Post -Treatment Recurrence and Long-Term Surveillance of Lung Cancer

Inclusion Criteria:

* Potentially-resectable lung nodule 8-40 mm diameter suspected (no preop diagnosis) of being a clinically node-negative lung cancer \[clinical stage IA-IB (cT1a-T2aN0), \<4cm diameter\].
* If surgical resection is recommended, patient will undergo surgery at Moffitt Cancer Center.
* If a definite tissue diagnosis is obtained and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is the recommended treatment instead of surgery, the SBRT will be delivered at Moffitt Cancer Center.
* \>18 years old, male or female.
* ECOG performance status 0-1.
* Agree to participate in the follow-up protocol.
* Any suspected primary lung cancer cell type (except a suspected typical carcinoid tumor, carcinoma in situ or minimally-invasive carcinoma).
* Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written, informed consent document.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Participants who are actively receiving any cancer treatment.
* Participants with uncontrolled intercurrent illness.
* Prior lung cancer within 5 years.
* Current active other major cancer except non-melanoma skin cancer.
* Patients with pure ground glass opacities (nodules) or hilar masses.
* Suspected typical carcinoid cell type (well-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma).
* Metastatic nodule (suspected) in the lung from an extrapulmonary cancer.
* Patient unable to provide informed consent.
* Prisoner or incarcerated individual.
* For surgical patients, a R1 or R2 resection.