Spatial-Motor Stroke-Rehab Study

Inclusion Criteria:

Young Adults Able Bodied (YAB) Individuals

* 18-30 years
* Able-Bodied (healthy without any physical disability or neurological disorder)

Older Adults Able-Bodied Individuals (OAB)

* 45-90 years
* Able-Bodied (healthy without any physical disability or neurological disorder)

Individuals with right hemisphere stroke (40-90 years)

* \>3 months following stroke.
* Presence of Aiming SN
* Ability to walk \>10m with or without assistive devices.
* Unilateral left-sided hemiparesis with gross arm strength of ≤ grade 4/5 on the Medical Research Council Scale
* Ability to follow 3-stage commands and provide informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

Young Adults Able-Bodied (YAB) Individuals and Older Adults Able-Bodied Individuals (OAB)

* History or evidence of orthopedic or physical disability
* History or evidence of neurological pathology
* Pregnancy (female)
* Uncontrolled hypertension
* Cardiac pacemaker or other implanted electronic system
* Presence of skin conditions preventing the electrical stimulation setup
* Impaired sensation in the left upper limb.
* Bruises or cuts at the stimulation electrode placement site
* Concurrent enrollment in rehabilitation or another investigational study.
* History or evidence of orthopedic or physical disability interfering with study procedures
* History or evidence of neurological pathology or disorder
* Severe uncontrolled medical problems (e.g., hypertension, cardiovascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis, active cancer or renal disease, epilepsy) that may interfere with study procedures
* Contraindications to TMS, such as metal implants, medications that can increase cortical excitability, and unexplained dizziness in the past 6 months

Individuals with right hemisphere stroke (40-90 years)

* History or brainstem strokes
* Cerebellar disorders
* Impaired sensation in the left upper limb.
* History of other neurological disorders
* Uncontrolled hypertension
* Cardiac pacemaker or other implanted electronic system
* Pregnancy (female)
* Presence of skin condition
* Bruises at the electrode placement site
* Severe uncontrolled medical problems (e.g., hypertension, cardiovascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis, active cancer or renal disease, epilepsy) or other medical conditions that can interfere with study procedures
* Contraindications to TMS, such as metal implants in the brain, medications that will increase cortical excitability, etc.