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Potassium, Hydration, Cardiovascular, and Kidney Study (PHACKs)

The Effects of Water and Potassium Supplementation on Cardiovascular and Kidney Function in Young Adults

Who can join

Ages 18 to 30 · All sexes · Healthy volunteers welcome

Inclusion Criteria:

* Between the ages of 18-30 years
* Resting blood pressure no higher than 150/90 mmHg
* BMI below 35 kg/m2
* Free of any metabolic disease (e.g., diabetes) kidney disease, pulmonary disorders (e.g., COPD), cardiovascular disease (peripheral vascular, cardiac, or cerebrovascular), no autoimmune diseases, and no history of cancer.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Have any precluding medical conditions (i.e. hemophilia) or medication (Pradaxa, Eliquis, etc.) that prevent participants from giving blood.
* Are currently pregnant or trying to become pregnant.
* take any of the following medications that are contraindicated with potassium supplementation:
* Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockers: Candesartan , Eprosartan, Irbesartan, Losartan, Olmesartan, Telmisartan
* Non -steroidal anti-inflammatory medications: Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Naproxen
* Non-selective beta-blockers: Pindolol, Penbutolol, Oxprenolol, Propranolol, Nadolol, Sotalol, Timolol, Tertatolol
* Calcineurin inhibitors: Cyclosporine
* Heparin (or other blood thinning medications)

About the study

Compared with White Adults, Non-Hispanic Black Adults are at an elevated risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and end stage chronic-kidney disease (CKD), two of the leading causes of death in the United States. Inadequate hydration status is associated with risk factors for both CVD and CKD. Prior data show that Black individuals are less likely to be adequately hydrated when compared with their White counterparts. Further, socioeconomic factors have been shown to influence hydration practices. Inadequate hydration influences certain hormones that regulate blood volume and impact blood pressure, but increasing potassium intake may provide some positive effects on normalizing these hormones and blood pressure. Black adults, in particular, are more likely to consume less potassium, have inadequate hydration, and tend to have higher blood pressure. As such, there is a critical need for effective strategies to address racial disparities in hydration and resultant health consequences; as well as establish the role of socioeconomic factors contributing to hydration. Therefore, the investigators are seeking to test the investigators' central hypothesis that water with a potassium supplement will improve hydration and cardiovascular health in young White adults (n = 20, 10 females, 10 males), and to a greater extent in young Black Adults (n = 20, 10 females, 10 males. The investigators will assess measures of blood pressure, arterial stiffness, and biomarkers in the urine and blood samples prior to and following a 14-day hydration intervention of 1) bottled water and 2) bottled water with potassium supplementation (2000mg potassium/day).

What is being tested

• Water and Potassium supplementation (dietary supplement)

Sponsor: Auburn University · Participants: 40 · Started: Nov 6, 2024

Contact the study team

• Nina L Stute, M.S. · Phone: 9373071608
• Meral A Culver, M.S. · Phone: 3017428813

Official record on ClinicalTrials.gov — NCT06062017

Locations in the U.S.

From ClinicalTrials.gov, data retrieved Sep 30, 2026. Each study sets its own eligibility; the study team decides who can join.