Outcomes and Quality of Life Following Rectal Artery Embolization for Bleeding Internal Hemorrhoids

Inclusion Criteria:

* Grade II or III hemorrhoidal disease as determined by a board-certified colorectal surgeon.
* Persistent or recurrent symptoms following hygiene and dietary measures or medication.
* Bleeding predominant ± pain symptoms.
* Undergoing planned rectal artery embolization (RAE) per standard clinical care.
* Male or female with age greater than 18 years, with the capacity and willingness to provide a written informed consent.
* Negative pregnancy test (if applicable).

Exclusion Criteria:

* Prior hemorrhoid surgery.
* Grade IV hemorrhoidal disease.
* Acute hemorrhoid complications.
* Chronic anal or perianal fissures.
* History of colorectal surgery or pelvic radiation.
* Inflammatory bowel disease.
* Portal hypertension or mesenteric venous congestion/occlusion.
* Inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) or internal iliac artery (IIA) stenosis or occlusion.
* Contraindication to iodinated contrast.
* Pregnant and/or breast-feeding subjects. A negative pregnancy test within 48 hours of the procedure per clinical care.