Cardiovascular Function and Response to Stimulation Within the First Year After Spinal Cord Injury

For the main study:

Inclusion Criteria:

* Individuals with a spinal cord injury undergoing inpatient rehabilitation at the Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation
* Between 18-75 years old
* 7-50 days after injury
* Injury level ≥ T6 (a cervical or a high-level chest injury)
* Individuals experiencing low blood pressure after the injury
* American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) A or B

Exclusion Criteria:

* A ventilator is needed for breathing.
* Devices such as brain/spine/nerve stimulators, a cardiac pacemaker/defibrillator, or intra-cardiac lines are present in the body.
* There is a significant disease affecting the blood vessels or signals in the heart, or a recent heart attack (myocardial infarction) has occurred.
* A new medication has been prescribed to treat blood pressure or a heart problem within the last five days (excluding midodrine).
* There is a known infection in the body (e.g., urinary tract infection) or a current illness (e.g., recent diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or other blood clotting issues, and/or a pressure injury that might interfere with the study).
* There is a history of seizures.
* Pregnancy.

For the spin-off study ice-water vs ice-wrap test (see description in study arms):

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Inclusion:

Age 18-75.

Inclusion for individuals with SCI:

* Injury sustained more than 6 months ago
* Injury level ≥ T6 (a cervical or a high-level chest injury)
* American spinal injury association impairment scale (AIS) A - D

Exclusion:

Foot lesions, uses a ventilator, devices such as brain/spine/nerve stimulators, significant or recent cardiovascular disease, known infection in the body