Yoga for Persistent Post-Surgical Pain (PPSP)

Inclusion Criteria:

* History of torso surgeries. Examples are thoracotomy, sternotomy, mastectomy and breast implant, open abdominal surgeries, and cesarean section
* Completion of surgery alone or surgery and complementary pharmacological treatment
* Being 18 years of age or older
* 3 months with PPSP and 4/10 in BPI severity (clinically considered a moderate range)
* Access to reliable modes of transportation for study visits and yoga classes
* Confirmed access to and proficiency with use of a smartphone, computer, and/or tablet
* Fluent in English.

Exclusion criteria:

* History of joint replacement, amputation, orthopedic (except thoracotomy and sternotomy), and other non-torso surgeries
* Participants with health conditions that lead to difficulty complying with study protocol (i.e., completion of outcome assessments and participation in yoga or CPHE programs), including: Renal dialysis, cognitive impairment, serious neurological or psychiatric disorders; Unstable cardiovascular disease, metastatic cancer, or serious chronic medical condition; Planned surgery during the intervention period; Chronic inflammatory systemic diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis); Active acute or chronic infections requiring antibiotics; Unmanaged hearing or visual impairment affecting participation in virtual classes; Substance use disorder
* Pregnancy or having the intention to become pregnant within the next six months
* Recent (last 3 months) or concurrent participation in weekly MBMT (e.g., yoga, tai chi, qigong) programs, physical therapy, including massage and chiropractic care, or other non-pharmacological treatment as chronic pain management, such as Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) or meditation
* Recent interventional pain management, defined as procedures such as corticosteroid injection, trigger point injection, and radiofrequency ablation to the cervical or lumbar region within the past 4 weeks and/or scheduled for interventional pain management procedures within the study timeframe.