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Shoulder Strength in Baseball Players

Shoulder Strength in Light of Retroversion and Biological Age in Baseball Players

Who can join

Ages 15 to 22 · All sexes · Healthy volunteers welcome

Inclusion Criteria:

* Able to participate in baseball activities
* All races and ethnicities.
* Speaks and understands English or Japanese.

Exclusion Criteria:

A diagnosis of a current injury that prevents participation in baseball activities.

* Orthopedic conditions (e.g., muscle strain, ligament sprain)
* Vascular history (e.g., blood clots, vascular surgery, varicose veins)
* Neurological history (e.g., stroke, nerve injury, or cognitive impairment)
* Cardiopulmonary conditions (e.g., hypertension, heart disease)
* Any history of bleeding or clotting disorders
* Diabetes, cancer, rhabdomyolysis, or compartment syndrome
* Additionally, not maintaining participant's regular diet on the day of the research will also impact eligibility.

About the study

The purpose of this graduate student research study is to transform the existing concepts surrounding shoulder strength in baseball players, particularly in the context of retroverted shoulders.

What is being tested

• Strength and Range of Motion (other)

Sponsor: Loma Linda University · Participants: 120 · Started: Apr 23, 2026

Contact the study team

• Everett Lohman, DSc · Phone: 909) 558-1000 Ext. 83171

Official record on ClinicalTrials.gov — NCT07209423

Locations in the U.S.

From ClinicalTrials.gov, data retrieved Sep 30, 2026. Each study sets its own eligibility; the study team decides who can join.