Sparking Potential, Revealing Infant Neurocognitive Traits

Inclusion Criteria:

* Child-parent dyads will be recruited to the study.
* Children 3-24 months with and without a history of a perinatal brain injury (PBI) will be included in this study.
* Children with PBIs will include:

  * Children diagnosed during the neonatal period with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,
  * Children born at a premature gestational age (born at less than 32 weeks gestational age).
  * Children diagnosed with cerebral palsy
* Healthy control participants meeting inclusion criteria will include:

  * healthy infants with no prior neurological (brain disorder) history
* For all parents: the only research inclusion criteria is to be the parent or legal guardian of a newborn with perinatal brain injury or healthy control participant.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Healthy infants to be included in the control group will not have:

  * a prior history of brain injury
  * a diagnosis of cerebral palsy
  * a history of a neurological disorder
  * prior admission to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)
* Children with chromosomal abnormalities, genetic syndromes and major congenital malformations will be excluded from both the patient groups and the control group.
* Parents will have no exclusionary criteria.