Therapy for Adverbial Clauses

Inclusion Criteria:

* Between ages 5 years, 0 months and 7 years, 11 months at the time of treatment onset.
* Have spoken English since birth, with exposure to other languages acceptable
* Normal hearing as indicated by a word-repetition task
* Normal nonverbal skills as indicated by the nonverbal scale of the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (score above 84)
* Impaired language as indicated by the Structured Photographic Expressive Language Test (below cut score for age)
* Regular use of spoken sentences (contains both a subject and predicate)
* Poor performance (below 50% accuracy) on pretreatment syntax probes (Generating sentences based on pictures and short orally-presented scenarios)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Other developmental disabilities and handicapping conditions that could cause poor language skills (autism, intellectual disability, blindness, genetic disorders, neurologic disease or injury) by parent report, or significant speech-sound production disorder.
* Native language skills other than English