Genetic and Metabolic Disease in Children

Inclusion criteria of Cohort 1- Newborn:

* Subjects aged 1-2 days
* Subjects with gestational age 37-42 weeks
* Subjects with stable clinical status (admitted to normal newborn nursery)

Inclusion criteria of Cohort 2 - Older children:

• Subjects aged 0-18 years

Inclusion criteria of Cohort 3 - Diseased children:

Subjects (no age limit) with ANY phenotype as below:

* Confirmed metabolic or genetic diseases
* Suspected metabolic or genetic diseases
* Episodic metabolic decompensation (e.g. hypoglycemia, hyperammonemia, metabolic acidosis)
* Developmental regression
* Major congenital malformation
* Other unexplained symptoms of potential genetic origin

Exclusion criteria of Cohort 1 - Newborn:

* Subjects with gestational age \<37 weeks or \>42 weeks
* Subjects with overt signs of metabolic dysfunction, distress or genetic diseases including hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, sepsis/shock, hypoxemia, or major congenital malformation
* Subjects with mothers whose pregnancies were complicated by gestational diabetes, gestational hyperglycemia, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, or any other major disorders.

Exclusion criteria of Cohort 2 - Older children:

* Subjects with confirmed metabolic or genetic diseases
* Subjects with suspected metabolic or genetic diseases
* Subjects with episodic metabolic decompensation (e.g. hypoglycemia, hyperammonemia, metabolic acidosis)
* Subjects with developmental regression
* Subjects with major congenital malformation

Exclusion criteria of Cohort 3 - Diseased children No.