Anti-CD14 Treatment With IC14 in Hospitalized ARDS Patients

Inclusion Criteria:

Patients may be included in the study only if they meet all the following criteria:

1. Adult patients (18+) on mechanical ventilations with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) by Berlin Criteria (≤48 hours)

   1. P:F ratio \< 300
   2. Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) ≥5 cm H2O
   3. Bilateral opacities on chest x-ray or chest computerized tomography (CT)-- not fully explained by effusions, lobar/lung collapse, or nodules
   4. Respiratory failure not fully explained by cardiac failure or fluid overload
   5. Within 1 week of known clinical insult or new or worsening respiratory symptoms

   i. Common Risk Factors for ARDS: Pneumonia, aspiration, inhalation injury, pulmonary contusion, pulmonary vasculitis, drowning, non-pulmonary sepsis, major trauma, pancreatitis, severe burns, non-cardiogenic shock, drug overdose, multiple transfusions
2. Patient or Legal authorized representative able to understand and give written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

An individual fulfilling any of the following criteria should be excluded from enrollment in the study:

1. Significant pre-existing organ dysfunction prior to hospitalization

   1. Lung: Currently receiving home oxygen therapy as documented in medical record
   2. Heart: Pre-existing congestive heart failure defined as an ejection fraction \<20% as documented in the medical record
   3. Renal: End-stage renal disease requiring renal replacement therapy or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) \<30 mL/min.
   4. Liver: Severe chronic liver disease defined as Child-Pugh Class C or hepatic transaminases \>5 times upper limit of normal
   5. Hematologic: Baseline platelet count \<50,000/mm3
2. Presence of co-existing infection, including, but not limited to:

   1. HIV infection not virally suppressed and with pre-hospitalization CD4 counts ≤ 500 cell/mm3
   2. Active tuberculosis or a history of inadequately treated tuberculosis
   3. Active hepatitis B or hepatitis C viral infection
3. Current treatment, or treatment within 30 days or five half-lives (whichever is longer) with etanercept (Enbrel®), infliximab (Remicade®), adalimumab (Humira®), certolizumab (Cimzia®), golimumab (Simponi®), anakinra (Kineret®), rilonacept (Arcalyst®), tocilizumab (Actemra®), sarilumab (Kevzara®), siltuximab (Sylvant®), or other potent immunosuppressant or immunomodulatory drugs or treatments
4. Receiving comfort measures only
5. Requiring \>2 vasopressors
6. Pregnant
7. Prisoners
8. History of hypersensitivity or idiosyncratic reaction to IC14
9. Women who are currently breastfeeding
10. Bronchoscopy safety exclusions

    1. P:F \<100 on 100% FiO2
    2. Mean pulmonary artery pressure \> 55 mmHg
    3. Marked cardiovascular instability (Mean arterial pressure \<55 mmHg with vasopressor support)
    4. Intracranial pressure ≥20 mmHg
    5. Acute ischemic heart disease (unstable angina or ST-elevation myocardial infarction or Type 1 non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction)
    6. Supported on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
    7. Endotracheal tube \<6.5 mm