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Harm Reduction for Smokers With Mental Illness

Harm Reduction for Smokers With Mental Illness: RCT of E-cigarette Provision With or Without Behavioral Support to Boost Switching

Who can join

Ages 21 and older · All sexes

Diagnostic Criteria (must have one to be eligible):

* Schizophrenia
* Bipolar disorder
* Major Depressive Disorders
* Posttraumatic disorder
* Other anxiety disorders

Additional Inclusion Criteria:

* 21 years or older;
* English-speaking;
* Daily smoker (at least 10 cigarettes/day);
* At least one quit attempt in the past 5 years using evidence- based pharmacotherapy or behavioral cessation support;
* Not currently interested in quitting.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Currently residing in a nursing home;
* Current diagnosis of Asthma;
* Cognitive impairment (score \<26 on the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS);
* Current use of e-cigarettes (\>once a week);
* Psychiatric instability (hospitalized in the past month);
* Current AND moderate to severe substance use disorder;
* Pregnant or planning to become pregnant;
* Use of any smoked products other than cigarettes;
* Current unstable medical illness making e-cigarette unsafe (e.g., recent heart attack, cancer);
* Participation in SWITCH IT pilot study.

About the study

To compare the efficacy of e-cigarette (e-cig) provision with or without behavioral support (SWITCH IT) delivered via telehealth to reduce harm among smokers with MI who cannot quit smoking and are not ready to pursue cessation treatment, and to examine self-regulation (using e-cigs instead of cigarettes to cope with stress/distress and self-efficacy) as a potential mechanism for behavior change from SWITCH IT

What is being tested

• SWITCH IT (behavioral)
• E-cig Provision Only (other)

Sponsor: Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center · Participants: 250 · Started: Oct 1, 2024

Contact the study team

• Meghan M. Santos, MSW · Phone: 978-494-4260

Official record on ClinicalTrials.gov — NCT06543407

Locations in the U.S.

Conditions

• Quitting Smoking (Tobacco Use Disorder)
• Harm Reduction
• Vaping

From ClinicalTrials.gov, data retrieved Sep 30, 2026. Each study sets its own eligibility; the study team decides who can join.