Inter-lobar Fissure Completion in Patients With Failed Bronchoscopic Lung Volume Reduction

Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 40 to 75 years.
* Stable with less than 10mg prednisone (or equivalent) daily.
* Nonsmoking for 4 months prior to screening and willing to not smoke during the study duration.
* Current pneumococcus vaccination.
* Current influenza vaccination.
* Target lung volume reduction \<350ml after bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR).
* Persistent dyspnea defined as an mMRC score greater or equal to 2 after bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR).
* Endobronchial valves (EBV) are still in place.
* Willing and able to complete protocol required study follow-up assessments and procedures.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Clinically significant (greater than 4 tablespoons per day) mucus production.
* Myocardial infarction within 6 months of screening.
* Decompensated heart failure.
* Three or more pneumonia episodes in last year.
* Three or more COPD exacerbation episodes in the last year.
* Prior lung transplant, LVRS, bullectomy, or lobectomy.
* Clinically significant bronchiectasis.
* Unable to safely discontinue anticoagulants or platelet activity inhibitors for 7 days.
* Uncontrolled pulmonary hypertension (systolic pulmonary arterial pressure \>45mmHg) or evidence or history of CorPulmonale as determined by a recent echocardiogram (completed within the last 3 months prior to screening visit).
* Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) less than 40% as determined by a recent echocardiogram (completed within the last 3 months prior to screening visit).
* Resting bradycardia (\<50 bpm), Complex ventricular arrhythmia, sustained SVT.
* PaCO2 greater than 50mmHg on room air at screening.
* PaO2 less than 45mmHg on room air at screening.