Monocytes in Subjects With Type 1 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease

Inclusion Criteria:

1. T1D CKD subjects:

   1. Adults, males or females diagnosed with T1D
   2. Age 18-65 years
   3. Diagnosed with CKD (eGFR 60-90 ml/min/1.73 m2)
   4. Diagnosed with albuminuria (UACR 30-500 mg/g)
   5. On insulin injections or pump
   6. On CGM

   Based on baseline CGM metrics, the investigators will stratify subjects to 2 groups Group A (Lower TIR group): TIR\<60%, A1c 7.5-9.5 Group B (Higher TIR group): TIR\>70% A1c 5.0-7.0
2. Controls: T1D subjects without CKD

   1. Adults, males or females diagnosed with T1D
   2. Age 18-65 years
   3. No CKD (eGFR \>90 ml/min/1.73 m2)
   4. No albuminuria (UACR \<30 mg/g)
   5. On insulin injections or pump
   6. On CGM

Based on baseline CGM metrics, the investigators will stratify subjects to 2 groups Group A (Lower TIR group): TIR\<60%, A1c 7.5-9.5 Group B (Higher TIR group): TIR\>70% A1c 5.0-7.0

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Hemoglobin \<9
2. On GLP-1 agonist or DPP4 inhibitor or sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors use within 30 days
3. pregnancy or plans to become pregnant
4. On steroids
5. Diagnosed with cancer, immunosuppression/autoimmune conditions
6. Reported heavy alcohol use or recreational drug use
7. Any condition which jeopardizes patient safety or affects monocytes at physician's discretion